1. Introduction. Casting is one of the oldest metal manufacturing technique known to humans [1].Among the many variants of casting, sand casting is the most prevalent worldwide because of the economics, flexibility and range of alloys it offers [2].Although sand casting technology has evolved throughout time, the combination of …

Blended sand is made by adding a bond to a 'washed and dried' or unboned base sand. This unbonded sand is sometimes called 'sharp sand', however, the name has nothing about the actual grain shape. The unbonded base sand may be silica, olivine, zircon and others. Each sand has properties that make its use desirable in certain situations [8].

Chromite sand’s chilling tendency at the mold metal interface, higher heat-transfer consideration, and refractory characteristics of the CastTherm 60 and 80 sand have a …

Descriptions of increasing the heat transfer ability of moulding sands can be found in references as well as tests ... by changing the moulding sand matrix (e.g. from quartz in-to chromite) or by ...

Chromite sand is an alternative refractory sand for metal casting applications, and is abundant in South Africa. The present study investigated whether this aggregate has …

the interfacial heat transfer coefficient between the steel and the mould, the pouring temperature, ... ing, use of ventilation, and properly placed chromite and zircon sand can reduce penetration. Chromite and zircon sands are particularly beneficial in …

Heat Transfer (W/m-K) Chromite: 0.790: Ceramic foundry sand #650+Spherical Black Iron Oxide 4%: 0.721: Ceramic foundry sand #650+Spherical Black Iron Oxide 8% Chromite Sand Industrial minerals customised for industry

Why Chromite Sand. Chromite sand has been selected and used in foundries as a result of its unique combination of properties. The properties listed below generally result in a better surface finish and …

Chromite sand is normally used in combination with silica sand to produce surface chill or to promote directional solidification. During the recycling steps of the reclamation process, the chromite and silica become thoroughly blended, unless some separation device is used. ... Return sand temperature: Heat from the molten metal and the ...

The improved heat transfer characteristics of the ORC chromite can modify and improve the surface characteristics of specialty steel or iron alloys, and the initial market focus for the mining operation is on the chromite portion of the deposit for use in the metalcasting industry. ... The chromite sand has had extensive testing to prove its ...

Reduced cleaning time in comparison to other sand media Minimized resin consumption while maintaining high tensile strengths ChromeCAST® has a high melting point of …

Hevi-Sand® is produced from high-grade foundry chromite which has been specially treated for use as a mold and core media in the ... • High resistance to penetration—High thermal stability and heat transfer in comparison to silica sands make it the preferred aggregate for large iron, steel, copper base and high alloy castings ...

Physical properties of Chromite Sand. Melting point of 2150°C. Good thermal conductivity. Good resistance to thermal shock. Excellent resistance to metal penetration or burn-on. Resists slag attack. High dimensional …

Chromite sand's chilling tendency at the mold metal interface, higher heat-transfer consideration, and refractory characteristics of the CastTherm 60 and 80 sand have a natural correlation with improved surface finish.

Chromite is an oxide mineral belonging to the spinel group, a complex mineral containing magnesium, iron, aluminum, and Cr in varying proportions, depending on the deposit, that can be represented as FeCr 2 O 4 or (Fe 2+,Mg) [Cr,Al,Fe 3+] 2 O 4 ( Murthy et al., 2011; Sanchez-Segado et al., 2015 ).

in the manufacturing of larger castings, to use chromite sand as the moulding material to promote a thicker solidifying skin as the molten metal rises up the mould face. This reduces the risk of it being washed away …

With the exceptions of the Z Zircon Sand, S Silica Sand and the blend of 75% Z Zircon Sand with. 25% O Chromite Sand, all of the PCE values were in excess of cone # 36, 3279F/1804C The Z Zircon. Sand should have provided a fusion point of 3,700-4,000F, 2038-2204C. The typical fusion temperature.

Historically, sand is one of many materials that have been used as an insulator to heat. As a conductor to heat, however, sand does a pretty bad job. So when sun rays hit, all the heat energy is absorbed within the sand, the heat then remains there for a few millimeters. This is what makes sand a bad conductor of heat.

The mean values of thermal conductivity of these molds are 0.0015CGS unit for silica sand, 0.0018CGS unit for olivine sand, 0.0021CGS unit for zircon sand and 0.0018CGS unit for chromite sand. The values of specific heat of all the above mentioned sand molds increase as temperature increases, but the rate of the increase drops with increasing ...

A sand mold composed of chromite sand (AFS 42.5) was used as a mold. A 500 kg high-frequency induction furnace of Sankyo Alloy Foundry was used for melting. ... the thermal property of sand is the default value, the heat transfer coefficient and the flow limit solid fraction are the literature values. The temperature dependencies of solid ...

Dust Free Foundry Sand/heat Transfer Chromite Sand Afs 45-50, Find Complete Details about Dust Free Foundry Sand/heat Transfer Chromite Sand Afs 45-50,Dust Free Foundry Sand,Chromite Sand Afs 45-50,Heat Transfer Chromite Sand from Chrome Ore Supplier or Manufacturer-Zhengzhou Haixu Abrasives Co., Ltd.

Specific heat capacity of silica sand fractions. Calorimetric tests revealed differences in the specific heat capacity of the various silica fractions. The baseline of samples is similar; …

Cr 2 O 3 45%. Fe 2 O 3 25%. Al 2 O 3 15%. MgO 10%. ≧SiO 2 99%. (1) Powder bulk density. As CERABEADS ® artificial sand is about half as light as zircon and chromite, it can turn out about twice the number of molds per unit weight. It can also be handled very easily, saving labor and transfer power costs.

Features and Benefits. The density of Hevi-Sand®, compared to silica sand, provides the mold or core with a high rate of heat transfer giving excellent chilling …

Ideal grade chromite sand containing Cr2O3>46%, Fe content <30%, is black, specific gravity 4.0～4.8g/cm3, bulk density 2.5～3.0, four-sieve AFS fineness of 50-90. Its heat transfer ability is better than other raw sand, its resistance to infiltration is excellent, and its linear thermal expansion is lower than silica sand, olivine sand, and ...

Specially selected chromite sand provides an elevated point of sintering and high thermal conductivity ideal in the preparation of molds and hot spot castings. ... Non-abrasive, it offers good heat transfer and is reused in certain metallurgical systems. Get Your Sample or Engineered Solution. Tap into our vast wealth of expertise and resources ...

Iron & Chromite ChromeCAST® Chromite Sand Prince's ChromeCAST ® is the maximum heat sink of any sand media. Scroll ChromeCAST® is used in cast iron and steel foundries to eliminate casting defects Prince's ChromeCAST® provides excellent chill properties for castings with heavy metal sections as well as castings with intricate details.

Recording in individual moulding sand layers. +6. Thermal conductivity of moulding sands of the modified composition based on a furan binder (Furanol FR75A) with a matrix: 1 – reclaim + 10% ...

Chromite spinel sand is the sand size fraction removed from the chromite ore. This size is not commercially practical for reducing chromium. Ideally, chromium content should …