The most challenging issue in regard to the quality of continuous-cast slabs of steel is the presence of surface defects. Spider cracks, transverse cracks, and crazing are the surface defects that are the most problematic and most difficult to remove. These defects develop in a layer near the surface, propagate along grains boundaries, and are ...

A defect is not always the result of a single case. Often, the defect is the result of multiple interacting causes, depending on a variable number of parameters. Defects in continuous casting originate from several factors like mould oscillation, mould flux, segregation coefficient of solute elements; phase transformation etc. 22-08-2014 4

In the process of continuous casting, crack defect has been a perennial problem [].Hot tearing, occurring during solidification, is a serious problem in continuous casting of steels, which leads to sub-surface and surface cracking and, in the worst case, ending up in a shell breakout [2, 3].Thus, productivity is severely limited and equipment …

A review on the causes of the foremost defects in continuous casting, based on an extensive literature survey, is given. The specific defects which are considered …

The internal quality inspection of the continuous casting billets is very important, and mis-inspection will seriously affect the subsequent production process. The UNet-VGG16 transfer learning model was used for semantic segmentation of the central shrinkage defects of the continuous casting billets. The automatic recognition …

Ziqing Lu and colleagues employ deep learning to establish real-time predictions of three-dimensional temperature fields at the millimetre scale during continuous casting, a process widely used in ...

Hot tearing is one of the major defects in continuous casting of steels, which severely limits the productivity of steelmaking processes. To further unders …

Figure 1. 1. Steel Continuous Casting Continuous casting is a relatively new process in historical terms. Although the continuous strip casting process was conceived by Bessemer in 1858, the continuous casting of steel did not gain widespread use until the 1960s. Earlier attempts suffered from technical difficulties such as "breakouts ...

The Ohno continuous casting technique has been applied for the first time to the fabrication of wires and tubes containing optical fibres. ... On the basis of the microstructural and defect ...

to cast defects and have many names. In this paper an attempt has been made to provide al casting defects with their causes and remedies. 3.1.1.1 Causes of gas porosity 2. CLASSIFICATION OF CASTING DEFECTS In present paper classification of defect are based on their sources of defects presented in aluminum die casting. In this

Central carbon segregation is a typical internal defect of continuous cast steel billets. Real-time and accurate carbon segregation prediction is of great significance for lean control of the production quality in continuous casting processes. In this paper, a data-driven regularized extreme learning machine (R-ELM) model is proposed for the …

Abstract and Figures. This paper describes an Image processing-based approach for defect detection and analysis of Magnetic Tile images. The preprocessing of the image involves employing ...

This is in direct contrast to continuous casting of steel or the so-called continuous casting of aluminium and its alloys developed in the 20th century. Continuous direct chill cast (DC cast) aluminium is actually a semi-continuous process. ... In DC casting defects occur mainly due to the strong thermal gradients in the ingot. During the ...

The solidification structure and segregation of continuously cast billets produced by different continuous casting processes are investigated to elucidate their effect on segregated bands in hot-rolled section steel. It suggested that segregated spots are mainly observed in the equiaxed crystal zone of a billet. The solidification structure is …

Continuous casting operations, inclusions, and clean steel . ... It has been reported that by using this swirl nozzle for the continuous casting, the defect ratio of finish products (coils) has decreases to 25 % of the conventional nozzles, and casting speed has riseby 30 %. Its cost is higher only by 20 % than the cost of the conventional and ...

Here we've covered the basics of gas porosity, shrinkage, mold material, pouring metal, metallurgical, and casting shape defects, including specific examples of …

The big challenge in continuous casting is to cast steel continuously without interruptions and without many kinds of defects. Solidification control is important for surface and …

The defects in the CC products arising during the process of continuous casting of steel can be classified as (i) surface defects, (ii) internal defects, (iii) shape defects, (iv) mechanical defects, and (v) deviations from the prescribed chemical …

B.G. Thomas, "Continuous Casting", Yearbook of Science and Technology, McGraw-Hill, 2004. 1 Continuous Casting (metallurgy) B.G. Thomas Mechanical & Industrial Engineering ... and fewer other defects than found in conventional continuous casting. Their products are more costly, but are needed for critical parts such as found in the ...

distinguished based upon the studies of casting surface defects, casting speed effects, mould parameters, thermal and heat flow and other continuous casting survey. The most important defect produced is Pull-in of the casting which results due to improper control over solidification parameters. Many

The continuous casting billet is mainly prone to defects, including center segregation, shrinkage cavity, and other microstructural irregularities. The …

Name: Muhammad Rehan. Roll No: 18MME-S2-321 Section: S2 Semester: 5th. Assignment No: 1 Submitted to: Billet casting defects, their reasons and remedies Billet: '. A billet is a segment of the metal, that's used for rolling into bars, rods and sections, etc It can be produced with the ingots; or directly by perpetual casting Billets are also used as the, …

understand continuous casting defects, examples are taken from simulations conducted at the University of Illinois. For simplicity, almost all of the examples involve the same thin-slab caster using the domain in Fig. 2. The tapered nozzle has two 15°-down 75x32mm ports and a third round port directed straight downward, and has 127mm submergence.

The common central crack in continuous casting round bloom is shown in Fig. 5, which presents radial cracks, and the defect rate is more than 80% [].It cannot be fully welded in the rolling, forging, and piercing processes, and can easily evolve into the 'ring crack' [] or flaw detection on the inner surface of the tube bloom, resulting in …

It has also been employed in continuous casting processes for automatic classification of surface defects [19] and online bleeds detection [20]. This sensing technology, however, has not been ...

Internal cracks are one of the main defects limiting the quality of continuous casting blooms, and the effect of final electromagnetic stirring (F-EMS) on the internal crack is important.

The quality of continuous-cast steel is greatly influenced by fluid flow in the mold, particularly at the meniscus. Recent examples of computational model applications at the University of Illinois are presented to investigate the formation of several different types of defects related to flow phenomena.

continuous casting process, including over 500 million tons of steel, 20 million tons of aluminium, and 1 million tons of copper, nickel, and other metals in the world each year. Continuous casting is distinguished from other solidification processes by its steady state nature, relative to an outside observer in a laboratory frame of reference.

The continuous casting process is shown in Figure 1.9.1. Steel is poured from the ladle into the tundish, which provides a constant head for molten steel to flow from the tundish into the mold via a submerged entry nozzle (SEN). The copper mold is water-cooled and the bottom of the mold is initially sealed by a dummy bar of steel.

Based on deep learning technology, here we developed a real-time prediction (ReP) model to predict the three-dimensional (3D) temperature field distribution in …